Physical modeling of a fire with the use of the Froude number
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4466-7515
© 2016 Budownictwo i Architektura. Publikacja na licencji Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Cytowanie: Budownictwo i Architektura, 18(1) (2019) 071-080, ISSN 1899-0665, DOI: 10.24358/Bud-Arch_19_181_07
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| Opublikowano: | 31-08-2019 |
Streszczenie:
Testy pożarowe w małej skali (skali modelowej) od samego początku istnienia dziedziny Inżynierii Bezpieczeństwa Pożarowego były źródłem wielu cennych informacji na temat zjawisk zachodzących podczas spalania. Przez lata wykształciło się kilka metod obliczeniowych pozwalających wyznaczyć kryteria podobieństwa pożarów w rzeczywistej i małej skali geometrycznej. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie metody wykonywania testów pożarowych w skali modelowej z wykorzystaniem liczby Froude’a. Omówione zostały podstawy skalowania, warunki podobieństwa, jakie muszą zostać zachowane, sposoby opisywania zjawisk pożarowych, a także metody przeliczania parametrów pożaru ze skali rzeczywistej i modelowej. Przedstawiono również przykładowe badania fizykalne z wykorzystaniem pomniejszonych modeli badawczych. W sposób szczególny podkreślono, jak ważne są tego typu eksperymenty oraz jaka odpowiedzialność spoczywa na osobach, które je przeprowadzają. Motywacją do przeprowadzenia badań jest bowiem bezpieczeństwo ludzi, którzy przebywają w budynkach z zabezpieczeniami przeciwpożarowymi opartymi na testach w skali modelowej.
Słowa kluczowe:
modelowanie fizykalne, liczba Froude’a, testy pożarowe
Physical modeling of a fire with the use of the Froude number
Abstract:
Ever since the field of Fire Safety Engineering first came into existence, small-scale (model scale) fire tests were the source of much valuable information about the phenomena occurring during combustion. Over the years, several computational methods to determine the criteria for the similarity of fires on both a real and small geometric scale have been developed. The purpose of this article is to present a method of performing fire tests on a model scale using the Froude number. The basics of scaling, similarity conditions that must be preserved, ways of describing fire phenomena, as well as methods of calculating fire parameters from the real and model scale have been discussed. An example of physical tests with the use of reduced research models is also presented. What is particularly emphasized is how important these types of experiments are and what responsibility rests with the people who carry them ouvol. The motivation to conduct research is the safety of people who reside in buildings with fire protection based on model scale test.
Keywords:
physical modelling, Froude number, fire tests
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